UNDERESTIMATION BIAS: Another name for Estimation Bias (synonym)1,2; which is a general term that refers to any systematic errors in estimation by people, or participants…
UNKNOWN PERSON OR INSTITUTION BIAS: A bias that occurs when one overemphasizes the weakness of study, and/or discredits/undervalues the results because the study was conducted…
UNKNOWN AUTHOR BIAS: A bias that occurs when one overemphasizes the weakness of study, and/or discredits/undervalues the results because they have not heard of the…
UNDER-EXHAUSTION BIAS: The failure to exhaust the hypothesis space may lead to authoritarian rather than authoritative interpretation1. Evaluating all possible explanations for the observations in…
UNACCEPTABILITY BIAS: Measurements which hurt, embarrass, or invade privacy may be systematically refused or avoided1. This bias is similar to Volunteer Bias and may also…
UNDERLYING CAUSE BIAS (RUMINATION BIAS): Individuals, such as cases in a case-control study, may ruminate about possible causes for their illnesses and thus exhibit different…
UNACCEPTABLE DISEASE BIAS: When disorders, diseases, or exposure are socially unacceptable, such as various forms of mental illness, sexually transmitted infections or others, they tend…
UNMASKING (DETECTION SIGNAL) BIAS: An innocent exposure may become a suspect, if, rather than causing a disease, it causes a sign or symptom which precipitates…