DIAGNOSTIC REVIEW BIAS:
A bias relevant to studies of diagnostic accuracy. When the results of the diagnostic test under study (index test) are known to the scientist at the time the reference (gold) standard test is interpreted1,2. Knowledge of the index test results may influence the scores or decision made on the gold standard test; especially if it is subjective. This knowledge could lead to better or worse agreement between the tests, depending on the context of the study.
Diagnostic Review Bias is related to Clinical Review Bias, and Diagnostic Suspicion Bias, and is also sometimes used as a synonym for Review Bias. Review Bias is a more general term however, that refers to when either the gold standard or index test is known before the other. Diagnostic Review Bias may be avoided by ensuring that scientists are blinded to all previous test results during a study. Also see: Test Review Bias, Clinical Review Bias, Diagnostic Suspicion Bias, Review Bias, Exposure Suspicion Bias, and Incorporation Bias.
References:
1. van der Aa MN, Steyerberg EW, Bangma C, van Rhijn BW, Zwarthoff EC, van der Kwast TH. Cystoscopy revisited as the gold standard for detecting bladder cancer recurrence: diagnostic review bias in the randomized, prospective CEFUB trial. J Urol. 2010;183(1):76-80. (Link to Reference)
2. Whiting P, Rutjes AW, Reitsma JB, Glas AS, Bossuyt PM, Kleijnen J. Sources of variation and bias in studies of diagnostic accuracy: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140(3):189-202. (Link to Reference)